| Complex group name | PcG and PcG-like |
| Complex name | PRC2 |
| Genes in complex | AEBP2#11, (JARID2#316|PHF1#478|MTF2#414|PHF19#483)?, EED#194, (EZH1#229|EZH2#230), SUZ12#672, (RBBP4#547|RBBP7#549) |
| Alternative names | # |
| Proteins involved | EED, EZH1, SUZ12, RBBP4, RBBP7, JARID2 or PHF1 or PCL and AEBP2 |
| Uniprot IDs of involved proteins | AEBP2_HUMAN, (JARD2_HUMAN|PHF1_HUMAN|MTF2_HUMAN|PHF19_HUMAN)?, EED_HUMAN, (EZH1_HUMAN|EZH2_HUMAN), SUZ12_HUMAN, (RBBP4_HUMAN|RBBP7_HUMAN) |
| PMID for reference on complex composition | PMID:20075857, PMID:23104054, PMID:23273982, PMID:22325352, PMID:24217316 |
| Function | Polycomb group complex |
| PMID for reference on function | PMID:15225548, PMID:20075857 |
| Target molecule type | histone |
| Specific target | H3K9, H3K27 |
| Product | H3K9me1, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, H3K27me1, H3K27me2, H3K27me3 |
| Target UniProt ID | H31_HUMAN, H31T_HUMAN, H32_HUMAN, H33_HUMAN, H3C_HUMAN |
| PMID for reference on targets and products | PMID:15225548, PMID:20075857 |
| Comment | Methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Required for embryonic stem cell derivation and self-renewal, suggesting that it is involved in safeguarding embryonic stem cell identity. Compared to EZH2-containing complexes, EZH1 is less abundant in embryonic stem cells, has weak methyltransferase activity and plays a less critical role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH1 is less abundant than the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, has weak methyltransferase activity and compacts chromatin in the absence of the methyltransferase cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A. |
| Status of entry | # |